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Brushing regularly is considered vital for healthy teeth and gums, but dental experts warn that you can overdo a good thing. Known as toothbrush abrasion, overbrushing can lead to sensitive teeth and receding gums.
Vigorous brushing can wear down the enamel on the teeth as well as damage and push back the gums, exposing the sensitive root area. Receding gums can also lead to other dental problems such as periodontal disease and cavities on the roots of the teeth and may lead to the need for treatments such as fillings, root canals and tooth extraction. According to the Wall Street Journal, dentists estimate that between 10 to 20 percent of the population have damaged their teeth or gums as a result of overbrushing.
The people most at risk for tooth or gum damage from overbrushing are those who are particularly diligent about their oral care and those who use medium- or hard-bristled toothbrushes. Other factors, such as a genetic predisposition to receding gums, clenching or grinding your teeth or having had your teeth straightened with braces, can increase your risk for damage from overbrushing.
Brushing vigorously isn’t necessary to remove plaque. Plaque is so soft that you could remove it with a rag if you could reach all the surfaces where it hides, says Dr. Kevin Sheu, managing dental consultant for Delta Dental. Thoroughness is what is required for plaque removal, not aggressive brushing. You’re not going to achieve any extra benefit by brushing hard.
Changing brushing habits can usually stop the problem from getting worse. In cases of severe toothbrush abrasion, dentists can fill in the grooves with bonding material.
Proper brushing technique
What’s important when brushing your teeth is not how hard you scrub, but that you use the proper technique and that you do a thorough job. And that takes time. Dentists recommend that you brush your teeth for two to three minutes to get the most thorough cleaning. The following are some other tips for brushing your teeth correctly:
Use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent gum damage and wear on the soft tooth dentin (the less mineralized layer of tooth found just under the enamel) and in the root area. If you are accustomed to a hard-bristled toothbrush, even using a toothbrush that is softer than you are accustomed to will help.
Place the head of your toothbrush with the tips of the bristles at a 45-degree-angle to the gumline when brushing.
Move the toothbrush with short strokes and a scrubbing motion, several times in each spot don’t saw back and forth across the teeth with your toothbrush.
Apply just enough pressure to feel the bristles against the gums. If you are squashing the bristles, you’re brushing too hard.
Worn brush bristles
The smoothness of your toothbrush’s bristles (which are rounded in the factory when they are made) also gets worn away back to its original jaggedness via brushing, which is why you may have heard that dentists recommend you replace your toothbrush often. The key is to throw away your toothbrush before the bristles splay, because by that point, it’s too late. Splayed bristles mean you’ve been using a worn toothbrush that is too abrasive and has been wearing away your tooth structure. Replace your toothbrush every four weeks for people who brush twice a day.
Sources: DeltaDental.com, AskTheDentist.com
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